Color Blindness Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Color Blindness, including details on causes, classification, red-green and blue-yellow color blindness, diagnosis.

Flexible feature-based inhibition in visual search mediates magnified impairments of selection: Evidence from carry-over effects under dynamic preview-search conditions.

Andrews LS, Watson DG, Humphreys GW, Braithwaite JJ

Evidence for inhibitory processes in visual search comes from studies using preview conditions, where responses to new targets are delayed if they carry a featural attribute belonging to the old distractor items that are currently being ignored-the negative carry-over effect (Braithwaite, Humphreys, & Hodsoll, 2003). We examined whether inhibition was applied in the same manner across different types of displays or whether the inhibitory weighting applied to different features varied with their utility for the search task. To test this, we present the first empirical investigation of negative carry-over effects under the ecologically valid conditions of dynamic visual search. Experiment 1 investigated preview search using dynamic moving and static displays. Detection was very poor when new targets carried the color of the old distractors, and this negative carry-over effect was significantly exaggerated with moving, compared with static, displays. Experiments 2a and 2b demonstrated that this effect could not be attributed to an increased role of preattentive grouping between new and old items for dynamic displays. Collectively, the findings suggest that feature-based inhibition contributes strongly to preview search through dynamic displays, and this leads to an amplified attentional blindness to new targets. The data specifically indicate that inhibitory processes in search differentially weight color and location in moving and static displays, and that feature-based inhibition may underlie many instances of sustained inattentional blindness in everyday life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved).

Published 10 May 2011 in J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform.
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Articles on Color Blindness published 10 May 2011:

Rapid Point of Care Analyzer for the Measurement of Cyanide in Blood.   Anal Chem.

A simple, sensitive optical analyzer for the rapid determination of cyanide in blood in point of care applications is described. HCN is liberated by the addition of 20% H(3)PO(4) and is absorbed by a paper filter impregnated with borate-buffered (pH 9.0) hydroxoaquocobinamide (hereinafter called cobinamide). Cobinamide on the filter changes color from orange (λ(max) = 510 nm) to violet (λ(max) = 583 nm) upon reaction with cyanide. This color change is monitored in the transmission mode by a ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

General principles in motion vision: Color blindness of object motion depends on pattern velocity in honeybee and goldfish.   Vis Neurosci.

Visual systems can undergo striking adaptations to specific visual environments during evolution, but they can also be very "conservative." This seems to be the case in motion vision, which is surprisingly similar in species as distant as honeybee and goldfish. In both visual systems, motion vision measured with the optomotor response is color blind and mediated by one photoreceptor type only. Here, we ask whether this is also the case if the moving stimulus is restricted to a small ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Color Blindness published 3 May 2011:

Melanoma-associated retinopathy associated with intranasal melanoma.   Doc Ophthalmol.

PURPOSE: To present a case of melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) associated with an intranasal melanoma. CASE REPORT: A 77-year-old Japanese man visited us complaining of night blindness, blurred vision, and color vision difficulties in both eyes. His best-corrected visual acuity was 0.7 in the right and 1.0 in the left eyes. The rod response of the electroretinogram (ERG) was abolished, and the maximum response had a negative waveform. The a-wave of the single-flash cone response was square ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

"What about me?" Perceptions of exclusion and whites' reactions to multiculturalism.   J Pers Soc Psychol.

A 5-study investigation of reactions of dominant group members (i.e., White Americans) to diversity (relative to racial minority reactions) provides evidence of implicit and explicit associations between multiculturalism and exclusion and of a relationship between perceived exclusion and reactions to diversity. In Study 1, Whites but not racial minorities were faster in an implicit association task at pairing multiculturalism with exclusion than with inclusion. This association diminished in ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Color Blindness published 2 May 2011:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization, a diagnostic aid in ambiguous melanocytic tumors: European study of 113 cases.   Mod Pathol, 24(5): 613-23.

Some melanocytic tumors are ambiguous, so the reproducible histopathological diagnosis of benign or malignant lesion is difficult. This study evaluated the contribution of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) first in 43 non-equivocal melanomas and nevi, and then in 113 ambiguous melanocytic tumors selected by expert pathologists from six different European institutions. We included two groups of ambiguous tumors: patients without recurrence (5-year minimal follow-up) and with metastases. ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Color Blindness published 26 April 2011:

General principles in motion vision: Color blindness of object motion depends on pattern velocity in honeybee and goldfish.   Vis Neurosci.

Visual systems can undergo striking adaptations to specific visual environments during evolution, but they can also be very "conservative." This seems to be the case in motion vision, which is surprisingly similar in species as distant as honeybee and goldfish. In both visual systems, motion vision measured with the optomotor response is color blind and mediated by one photoreceptor type only. Here, we ask whether this is also the case if the moving stimulus is restricted to a small ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Articles on Color Blindness published 13 April 2011:

Transmission of colour and acuity signals by parvocellular cells in marmoset monkeys.   J Physiol.

The red-green axis of colour vision evolved recently in primate evolutionary history. Signals serving red-green colour vision travel together with signals serving spatial vision, in the parvocellular (PC) division of the sub-cortical visual pathway. However, the question whether receptive fields of PC pathway cells are specialised to transmit red-green colour signals remains unresolved. We addressed this question in single-cell recordings from the lateral geniculate nucleus of anaesthetized ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

Transmission of colour and acuity signals by parvocellular cells in marmoset monkeys.   J Physiol.

The red-green axis of colour vision evolved recently in primate evolutionary history. Signals serving red-green colour vision travel together with signals serving spatial vision, in the parvocellular (PC) division of the sub-cortical visual pathway. However, the question whether receptive fields of PC pathway cells are specialised to transmit red-green colour signals remains unresolved. We addressed this question in single-cell recordings from the lateral geniculate nucleus of anaesthetized ... [Abstract] [Full-text]

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